Zauberflöte (2018)
Die Zauberflöte is one of Mozart’s most famous works and one of the most beloved of the entire operatic repertoire. Generations of spectators have been fascinated by the melodies and adventures of Papageno, the Queen of the Night, Tamino, and Pamina, the ordeals faced by the young lovers, and the work’s inexhaustible allegorical depth. The director, Romeo Castellucci has deliberately stepped back from the narrative dimension of the opera in order to explore its raw emotion and its philosophical heart.
The hero, Tamino, sets out to rescue Pamina, the daughter of the Queen of the Night, with whom he is in love and who has been abducted by Sarastro. Sarastro presides over a society into which Tamino is invited: he must undergo a number of trials, at the end of which he will be granted Pamina’s hand. Throughout this adventure, Tamino is accompanied by the bird-catcher Papageno, who also meets his own future partner, Papagena.
Isn’t Sarastro, however, in the promises he makes to the young people, manipulative? Is he not, moreover, the beneficiary of a cult and of slaves, in contradiction with his egalitarian principles? Should we not, accordingly, believe in the sincerity of the Queen of the Night and of the outburst in which she expresses her wounded maternal feelings?
Concept of Romeo Castellucci
"Je veux assumer la potion mozartienne et la porter à son effet maximum. Voici, dans les jardins, la grotte artificielle, les plumes de l’oiseleur, le blanc de céruse avec la mouche artificielle, la symétrie. L’agitation d’un palais du XVIIIe siècle. Voici la fête du peuple. L’ornement, le divertissement populaire. Ici vit ce grand kitsch de Sarastro qui nie la mort et la défécation, inventant des mondes de lumière si invraisemblables qu’ils en sont radioactifs. L’épreuve du feu consume l’expérience alors que l’épreuve de l’eau en lave le seuil en le débarrassant de la cendre. Cette pureté est terreur. Écoutez attentivement les paroles de Sarastre: ses discours sirupeux engourdissent l’esprit."
"Le premier acte s’ouvre sur un geste de contestation de la lumière. Tout apparaît divisé par un miroir virtuel qui s’étend sur les objets et les personnages. Déjà redoublés et mimétiques dans le livret, ceux-ci semblent se dissoudre en «types», réduits à leur fonction culturelle. Le double dévore l’identité. Une structure morphogénétique semble émerger; se développant selon la symétrie absolue de la microbiologie. Il y a là un minimalisme qui déconstruit le récit en faveur de la grande «tapisserie» de la nature, de l’ornement. J’ai donc demandé à Michael Hansmeyer de pouvoir utiliser ses formes architecturales générées par des algorithmes."
"I aim to embrace Mozart’s potion and amplify its effect to the fullest. Here, in the gardens, is the artificial grotto, the bird-catcher’s feathers, the white lead paint with its artificial beauty mark, and symmetry. The bustle of an 18th-century palace. Here is the people’s festival—ornamentation, popular entertainment. Here dwells Sarastro’s grand kitsch, which denies death and decay, conjuring worlds of light so implausible they become radioactive. The trial by fire consumes experience, while the trial by water cleanses the threshold, washing away the ash. This purity is terrifying. Listen closely to Sarastro’s words: his syrupy speeches numb the mind."
"The first act opens with a gesture of defiance against light. Everything appears divided by a virtual mirror that extends over objects and characters. Already doubled and mimetic in the libretto, they seem to dissolve into ‘types,’ reduced to their cultural functions. The double devours identity. A morphogenetic structure seems to emerge, developing according to the absolute symmetry of microbiology. There is a minimalism here that deconstructs the narrative in favor of the grand ‘tapestry’ of nature and ornamentation. Thus, I asked Michael Hansmeyer to incorporate his algorithmically generated architectural forms."
Voici comment je m’y prends: je me perds dans la forêt, j’écoute les enregistrements de La Flute enchantée un nombre incalculable de fois. L’objectif est de me déboussoler, de me désorienter, de remettre en question - radicalement - ce que je connais, ce que j’ai lu et appris de mes lectures, la symbolique égyptienne et les lieux communs, ce que j’ai vu de cet opéra au cinéma, sur scène. Je me dépouille de tout le verbiage familier.
J’ai besoin de questionner cette Flûte, de la voir et de l’entendre comme pour la première fois et, en définitive, d’y croire. Face à une œuvre comme celle-là, je dois rendre les armes, m’y livrer totalement. Oublier, m’abandonner, m’exposer à l’aiguillon que Mozart dissimule dans le parfum de ses fleurs, me confesser à l’œuvre.
Voilà, je me suis égaré, et une première révélation m’apparaît: je crois en elle, en la Mère.
Je veux assumer la potion mozartienne et la porter à son effet maximum. Voici, dans les jardins, la grotte artificielle, les plumes de l’oiseleur, le blanc de céruse avec la mouche artificielle, la symétrie. L’agitation d’un palais du XVlIle siècle. Voici la fête du peuple. L’ornement, le divertissement populaire. Ici vit ce grand kitsch de Sarastro qui nie la mort et la défécation, inventant des mondes de lumière si invraisemblables qu’ils en sont radioactifs. L’épreuve du feu consume l’expérience alors que l’épreuve de l’eau en lave le seuil en le débarrassant de la cendre. Cette pureté est terreur. Écoutez attentivement les paroles de Sarastre: ses discours sirupeux engourdissent l’esprit.
Le premier acte s’ouvre sur un geste de contestation de la lumière. Tout apparaît divisé par un miroir virtuel qui s’étend sur les objets et les personnages. Déjà redoublés et mimétiques dans le livret, ceux-ci semblent se dissoudre en «types», réduits à leur fonction culturelle. Le double dévore l’identité. Une structure morphogénétique semble émerger; se développant selon la symétrie absolue de la microbiologie. Il y a là un minimalisme qui déconstruit le récit en faveur de la grande «tapisserie» de la nature, de l’ornement. J’ai donc demandé à Michael Hansmeyer de pouvoir utiliser ses formes architecturales générées par des algorithmes.
Au deuxième acte, j’ai demandé la participation de dix personnes de courage, dont les biographies désavouent la trame idéologique de La Flûte là où le prosélytisme de Sarastro annonce l’Homme Nouveau. Des vies réelles font irruption dans son palais moral et suspendent son pouvoir: l’épine dorsale du récit subit une palingenèse.
Cinq femmes aveugles - Dorien Cornelis, Joyce De Ceulaerde, Monique Van den Abbeel, Lorena Dürnholz, Katty Kloek - représentent la cour de la Reine de la nuit et proclament le principe des Ténèbres. Cinq grands brûlés - Michiel Buseyne, Johnny Imbrechts, Yann Nuyts, Brecht Staut, Jan Van Bastelaere - représentent la cour de Sarastro. Ils ont tous éprouvé sur leur peau l’action dévastatrice de la lumière du feu.
L’intervention parlée de ces dix témoins - rehaussée par l’inspiration poétique de Claudia Castellucci, qui a retranscrit fidèlement leurs témoignages de vie - prend la place, comme le creux d’un moule, du récitatif de Schikaneder. Leurs récits de vie semblent parler de nous, aujourd’hui.
C’est moi à présent, un visage dans la foule, qui interroge Mozart sur le sens de ma personne - moi, spectateur - dans sa demeure. Qu’est-ce que je signifie, moi, dans La Flûte enchantée? Que signifie la présence d’une femme née aveugle face à la voix de la Reine de la nuit?
Et que signifie, pour un grand brûlé, de se trouver en présence de Sarastro dont le principe de Lumière lui a arraché la peau, tout en étant enveloppé dans la sphère de feu qui a incendié sa maison? Quelle valeur a la promesse d’un monde nouveau faite par Sarastro - monde nouveau que nous attendons toujours?
Et que signifie de voir ces jeunes mères pressant le lait de leur sein pour en emplir un tube de verre suspendu au milieu de l’espace? Peut-être préparent-elles une ligne infranchissable? Verser la nourriture du vivant, peut-être est-ce une scène de libation accomplie pour affirmer le primat de la mère? Le fragile petit tube de verre rempli de lait maternel est une barrière qui, simultanément, affirme et nie. Il n’est pas permis de franchir cette limite, c’est ici le territoire des mères.
Sarastro renie l’Image au profit de la Loi pour se protéger de l’adoration de la Mère. La Loi doit s’arrêter là. Il n’y a d’imagination qu’en la Mère. Le féminin maternel ouvre les portes à l’imagination. Nous, nous imaginons.
This is my approach: I lose myself in the forest, listening to The Magic Flute countless times. My goal is to disorient myself, to radically question what I know, have read, or seen of this opera—its Egyptian symbolism, clichés, and familiar rhetoric.
I need to question this Flute, to see and hear it as if for the first time, and ultimately, to believe in it. Facing such a work, I must surrender, forget, and expose myself to the sting Mozart hides in the fragrance of his flowers.
Lost, a revelation strikes: I believe in her, the Mother.
I aim to embrace Mozart’s potion and amplify it. Here is the artificial grotto, the bird-catcher’s feathers, the 18th-century palace’s bustle, Sarastro’s kitsch—denying death, conjuring radioactive worlds of light. Fire consumes, water cleanses. Sarastro’s syrupy words numb.
The first act defies light, divided by a virtual mirror. Characters dissolve into cultural ‘types,’ their identities devoured by doubles. A morphogenetic structure emerges, microbiological in symmetry, deconstructing the narrative for nature’s tapestry. I enlisted Hansmeyer’s algorithmic forms.
In the second act, ten courageous individuals—whose lives challenge Sarastro’s ideology—disrupt his moral palace. Real lives suspend his power, reshaping the narrative.
Five blind women—Dorien Cornelis, Joyce De Ceulaerde, Monique Van den Abbeel, Lorena Dürnholz, Katty Kloek—embody the Queen’s court, proclaiming darkness. Five burn victims—Michiel Buseyne, Johnny Imbrechts, Yann Nuyts, Brecht Staut, Jan Van Bastelaere—represent Sarastro’s, scarred by fire’s light.
Their spoken testimonies, poetically transcribed by Claudia Castellucci, replace Schikaneder’s recitatives, speaking to us today.
As a spectator, I question Mozart: What do I signify in The Magic Flute? What does a blind woman’s presence mean before the Queen’s voice?
What does a burn victim feel before Sarastro, whose light tore their skin, enveloped in the fire that burned their home? What value has Sarastro’s promise of a new world we still await?
Young mothers express milk into a glass tube, a barrier affirming the mother’s primacy. This fragile tube is a libation, a line that cannot be crossed—the mothers’ territory.
Sarastro rejects the Image for the Law, guarding against the Mother’s adoration. Only the maternal feminine opens imagination’s gates. We imagine.
Design by Algorithm
An architecture between chaos and order, neither foreign nor familiar, both natural and artificial.
In using algorithms as a compositional strategy, we seek to create an architecture that defies classification and reductionism. For the Zauberflöte grotto, these algorithms are used to create a form that appears at once synthetic and organic. The design process strikes a balance between the expected and the unexpected, between control and relinquishment. While the processes are deterministic, the results are not necessarily entirely foreseeable. The computer acquires the power to surprise us.
Any references to nature or existing styles are not integrated into the design process, but are evoked only as associations in the eye of the beholder. As a fictive narrative space, the Zauberflöte grotto is less concerned with functionality than with the expressive formal potentials of digital technologies. It examines new spatial experiences and sensations that these technologies enable. Like the Digital Grotesque projects that preceded it, the Zauberflöte grotto is a lavish, exhilarating space full of details and geometric constellations that are waiting to be discovered - spurring one's imagination of what is yet to be created
As architects, we are driven to question the origins of the forms we create. What shapes might emerge if we could shed our biases and preconceptions? If we could transcend the limits of our experience, what unseen forms might we discover?
To explore this unknown realm, I propose we embrace computational design—not merely as a tool for execution, but as a instrument of discovery. Historically, computers have served to control and refine our visions. Now, they can become something more: a medium for search, experimentation, and the generation of the unknown.
Consider a simple geometric operation—folding a plane—repeated recursively, millions of times. Through this relentless iteration, the computer can transform the mundane into the extraordinary, producing forms of staggering intricacy, their details hovering at the edge of perception. These are algorithmic artefacts, forms so complex they would be nearly impossible to conceive or draft by hand. A rational process yields the seemingly irrational, revealing beauty in the systematic.
By tweaking the algorithm’s parameters, we can generate countless variations of a design. These permutations can be combined and refined, evolving into new forms through successive iterations. Though devoid of randomness, the sheer multitude of steps renders the outcomes unpredictable. The computer becomes a creative counterpart—capable of surprising us, of revealing possibilities we might never have discovered alone.
This approach demands a bold shift: we relinquish precise control over the forms we create. The computer, as a creative partner, assumes a degree of autonomy. The resulting forms embody this tension—poised between chaos and order, natural and artificial, familiar yet enigmatic.
As architects, we must now forge an intuitive collaboration with the machine — not to replace our creativity but to expand it. In doing so, we may begin to draw the undrawable and imagine the unimaginable.
Fabrication & Assembly
The grotto's geometry is entirely composed using a generative subdivision algorithm. Please see the first Digital Grotesque project for a description of the process. The algorithm's output is a high resolution geometry in the form of a mesh surface. This geometry was voxelized and partitioned into the nine distinct elements that are visible on stage. Four elements descend from the ceiling, while five others are rolled into space.
Each element is made of high-density EPS that has been milled by 6-axis robots and 5-axis milling machines. Elements have an integrated aluminum and MDF sub-structure. They are coated in resin and white paints to create a glossy surface and to increase stability. Pieces are strong enough to support the weight of dancers at strategic positions.
The grotto is designed to gradually emerge on stage during the performance as part of the overall choreography. Fully built, the grotto has dimensions of 14 meters in width, 8 meters in depth, and nearly 10 meters in height.
All elements were manufactured at Factum Arte in Madrid. Final assembly and post-processing - including the integration of lighting and power sources in the elements - was carried out at the La Monnaie workshop in Brussels.
Conductors: | Antonello Manacorda Ben Glassberg |
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Director, set design, costumes, lighting: | Romeo Castellucci |
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Choreography: | Cindy van Acker |
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Algorithmic Arch.: | Michael Hansmeyer |
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Artistic Collaboration: | Silvia Costa |
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Dramaturgy: | Pierresandra di Matteo Antonio Cuenca Ruiz |
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Chorus Master: | Martino Faggiani |
Grotto Realization | ||
Sculptural Support: | Alessio Valmori Francesco Cigognetti |
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Regisseur Technique: | Marc Dewit |
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Assistant Décor: | Richard Klein |
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Directrice Technique: | Charmaine Goodchild |
Singers: | ||
Sarastro: | Gábor Bretz Tijl Faveyts |
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Tamino: | Ed Lyon, Reinoud van Mechelen |
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Sprecher: | Dietrich Henschel |
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Königin der Nacht: | Sabine Devielhe Jodie Devos |
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Pamina: | Sophie Karthäuser Ilse Eerens |
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Erste Dame: | Tineke van Ingelgem |
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Zweite Dame: | Angélique Noldus |
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Dritte Dame: | Esther Kuiper |
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Papgeno: | Georg Nigl |
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Papagena: | Elena Galitskaya |
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Monostatos: | Elmar Gilbertson |
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Erster Priester: | Guillaume Antoine |
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Zweiter Priester: | Yves Saelens |
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Drei Knaben: | Axel Basyurt Sofia Royo Csóka Alejandro Enriquez Tobias van Haeperen Elfie Salauddin Crémer Aya Tanaka |
Dancers: | ||
Stéphanie Bayle Maria de Duenas Lopez Laure Lescoffy Serena Malacco Alexane Poggi Francesca Ruggerini Stefania Tansini Daniela Zaghini Timothé Ballo Hippolyte Bouhouo |
Louis-Clément da Costa Emmanuel Diela Nkita Aurélien Dougé Johann Fourrière Paul Girard Nuhcet Guerra Guillaume Marie Tidiani N'Diaye Xavier Perez |
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Amateur Actors: | ||
Dorien Cornelis Joyce de Ceulaede Monique van den Abbeel Katty Kloek Lorena Dürnholz |
Jan van Bastelaer Michel Buseyne Johnny Imbrechts Yann Nuyts Brecht Staut |
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Actors: | ||
Sophy Ribrault Cinzia Robbiati Michael A. Guevara |
Gianfranco Poddighe Boyan Delattre Amos Sucheki |